Photos show how the pupae emerge from the soil and are split open when the moth emerges. If the soil is hard and dry the pupae may not completely emerge.
Unfortunately no. However I will look more closely. The pupae have been emerging regularly in masses literally every year for years and we look at them and kids want know about them, but have never actually seen moths emerging. Would they emerge at night?
I can't be sure but, assuming these are discarded moth pupal cases, the images you have submitted are not inconsistent with those left by swift moths (Hepialidae). For example, Trictena sp., see images at this link http://bie.ala.org.au/species/urn:lsid:biodiversity.org.au:afd.taxon:e1e3717f-f864-49f2-a9b1-5bf020bd6e9f#gallery Swift moths (15 spp.) typically come to light at night on rainy nights in autumn after emerging. The pupate in the soil or wood. Trictena sp. live in the soil and feed on tree roots e.g Eucalyptus and the pupal cases are known to protrude from the tunnel in soil after the moth emerges as is shown in one of your images (Common, 1990). Therefore, I'll suggest Hepialidae possible Trictana sp, as my identification and see whether it is supported by others on CNM. With rain predicted, you might try to look out for and photograph emerging moths in the coming days and weeks.
If we mange to catch a moth we may be able to show that these pupal cases are left when the Rain moth (Trictena atripalpis) emerges.. The caterpillars that live in the soil and feed on tree roots are often called Bardee grubs