Probably. I presume the cones in the photo are more than life size (Plantnet says 7-14 mm long). The branchlets are not in good enough focus for me to count the teeth (8-10 per joint).
The cones were about 5cm long. The tree isn't very large but it's stuck underneath a large apple box. It could be exotic to the area as its beside the road ?
I am not absolutely sure it is Casuarina rather than Allocasuarina, though the shape of the valves of the cones suggest Casuarina. Casuarina seeds are grey or yellow-brown. Allocasuarina seeds are shiny and red-brown to black. The seeds drop out as the cones dry. https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/key/2180
I counted four teeth on one side when I blew the new photo up, which is the right number for Casuarina cunninghamiana. Cones may stay on the tree for years. The easiest way to see the seeds is to collect a cone and put it in a paper bag so you do not lose the seeds when it opens. This will almost certainly require a permit from your local council.
Thanks Mike. Allocasuarina verticillara has 9-13 teeth per joint, so that is OK. Also the plant shape fits that species much better that Casuarina cunninghamiana. However the cone bracts look too coarse. The casuarinas are stinkers to ID, even in the hand.